One of the latest “hot topics” in the worlds of Psychology and Sociology these days is the work-in-progress, DSM-V. For those who do not know, the DSM is the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders. Since 1952 (when the first DSM was released), there have been countless edits – both subtractions and additions – to this particular point of reference. Today, it is considered a reputable source to reflect the most appropriate and agreed-upon criteria for any recognized mental disorders. Starting with approximately 100 in the first edition, the DSM-IV now contains over 300 “mental disorders.” The much-anticipated DSM-V is due to be released in May of 2013, and has been quite the topic of controversy across the board among scientists, psychiatrists, psychologists, sociologists (and everything in between) as well as anyone remotely concerned with the methods of diagnosis for psychological illnesses.
Within the DSM-V, there will supposedly be a section focused on particular symptoms that would require further study, prior to becoming the criteria for a new addition to the manual. Several of these, to me and to many who have been exposed to them, are rather…laughable. Apologies for anyone this may offend but if you feel strongly about every one of the propositions, I suggest you refrain from reading the rest of this – I’m rather critical of a select few. I promise this ties to a bigger picture (indicated by my blog post title), so bear with me.
Of the “disorders” requiring further investigation, I am most critical of the introduction of ‘Internet Disorder.’ As one can probably guess, this would fall under the category of ‘Addictions.’ After listing countless drugs, alcoholic substances and so on, there may also be a section titled ‘Internet.’ Internet addiction, a social construction itself, will be classified as the incessant “need” to be connected to cyberspace at all times. Under this section, will fall anyone who consistently feels they must check their Facebook, LinkedIn, Twitter, Gmail, Hotmail etc. Under this section, will fall anyone who feels frequent urges to update their statuses, to tweet, to search online, to watch videos or to engage in any other web-based activity. Subsequently, based on this roughly-outlined criterion, this section will encompass an incredibly high proportion of the affluent, middle-class members of my generation (ie. those who have access to the web at all times, if they choose to use it) and ever-increasingly higher proportions of the generations to come.
Before I go any further, I absolutely acknowledge that there is a difference between those who stay connected for reasons affiliated with corporate mobility (ie. networking, video conference calls and so on) or within what would be considered “regular” social habits of today’s world, versus those who can’t seem to take their eyes off their internet-accessing devices. If I had to guess, I’d say each of us has come into contact with someone or another – oftentimes a teenage youth – who seems to have developed this “addiction.” If/when this is medicalized (ie. transitions from a product of modern socialization to a medical issue), treatment will be the first consideration on the list. For a while, as with all other medical diagnoses at one time or another, therapy will be the go-to route. But, what happens when someone sells some fancy chemical composition to a pharmaceutical company, claiming it is the “cure”?
I understand that for now, while still such a premature phenomenon, this sounds silly and extreme. But tell me, do you honestly think that all patients treated with pills for mental disorders nowadays, truly need them? A strong and informed believer in natural remedies, once (paraphrased and cited anonymously for the sake of privacy) asked me “why place trust in disciplines that are merely hundreds of years old, relative to those that have been around for centuries?” and at the time, perhaps it didn’t make me think as carefully about this phenomenon as it should have. Now that I’ve had quite a few encounters with doctors (both via interactions with my own as well as those of others, along with aspiring doctors at my university), I couldn’t possibly agree more with the point being made.
Margot Kidder, an actress who believes wholeheartedly in the power of Orthomolecular medicine (focused on natural and nutritional supplements to cure illnesses), spoke directly to this issue. She explained that “it [the pharmaceutical industry] is the most profitable industry in the world, and partially funds the US government. It surpasses oil in terms of profits and my country recently went to war due to oil pricing. What does that say they will do to keep this other industry in tact? It is up to patients and their families to question what they are being given, and to consumers to demand better, more natural alternatives.”
Over-prescription is a larger issue than many are aware; the numbers of patients who were previously being treated without medical intervention and are now being treated with pills, are rapidly on the rise. Now, this is not at all to say that there aren’t people who need these treatments; by no means am I suggesting that therapy cures all ailments, biological or otherwise. Those rooted in ascribed chemical imbalances, for example are often only truly cured by some form of medicine. However, with many developed hormonal imbalances, there are socially-constructed causes that are important to consider. While I could spend forever discussing the ways in which stress can induce thyroid issues (among others), how the media can contribute significantly to distorted body image (and subsequently many eating disorders) or perfectly normal kids having typical temper tantrums more frequently than 3x a week, possibly being labeled as having ‘Disruptive Mood Disregulation Disorder,’ I’d pull the focus onto the broader-scale issue of intolerance.
A chicken vs. egg case can certainly be made here; many will argue that if the drugs become available, people come running for the quick fix while others will say that with increasing average intolerance within societies, there has been a subsequent demand for pharmacological involvement. It’s all cyclical but I’d lean more towards labeling the advent of the latter, as a catalyst. As long as the people want it, it will be invented and provided. Few (if any) would spend countless hours in laboratories, composing a drug they’re certain nobody will want to use; they work to fulfill the demands of the patients.
So, coming back to the possible introduction of ‘Internet disorder,’ this is a classic example of the need to medicalize that which simply is not a chemical issue. Drugs and alcohol are physically ingested, and these substances move to infiltrate the bloodstream and so on. However, the Internet? Really? Anyone without frequent access to the e-world, will be free from this diagnosis because just as with any other addiction, unavailability obviously leaves no possibility for getting hooked. The only difference here is that there is no chemical basis in this addiction at all. Nobody is absorbing a tangible substance, here. It is a mental hunger, non-existent to those who enjoy the appropriate blend of discipline/regulation (up to a certain age, by parental and/or academic authorities), and self-control.
However, there will always be people who upon reflecting on the oh, so daunting prospect of having to put in the effort to harness their minds and control their obsessions, will call for a paragraph in the DSM and eventually a daily tablet. NEWSFLASH: there ain’t a tablet for intolerance. If you know it’s an issue, before you ever even think of turning to anyone else, trust in the aid of confidence; tell yourself that you are entirely capable of handling this on your own, and you’d be surprised where that can get you. With mental training and resulting restraint, this “disorder” will become laughable to you, too. I can only hope and pray that people do not surrender to the often-tempting power of the “easy way out” prior to recognizing that in many cases, nothing could possibly be more harmful to them. I know I’m no medical, licensed professional but I also know that unless we quit jumping to extreme ends of the spectrum calling stressed students at the peak of their studies/applications “depressed”, calling temper tantrums “mood disregulation” or calling anyone surrounded by a million and one distractions approaching from all angles “ADHD” for losing focus, then the “mentally ill” will be the majority.
Pessimistic? I’d argue not. Realistic, is really what I’d call it. Maybe not 100% now, but let us re-evaluate the circumstances as future generations rise. In the spirit of redundancy I’m all for biological, professionally-evaluated psychiatric diagnoses to be treated with medication. However, I pray self-reflection and training and if not that, then psychological (ie. sans prescriptions) therapy returns to the number one, most preferable solution for any mental disorders. This responsibility does not solely fall to the psychologists and doctors – not at all. This falls to the people. If in countries where the go-to is pills, there is a re-orientation towards toughing many situations out then the tolerance, patience and strength among the population’s inhabitants will greatly increase. Nobody is saying it will be easy but that’s precisely the point; that which is worth fighting for is not typically presented immediately on a silver platter for the simple and effortless taking. Instant gratification is typically not nearly as satisfying as knowing you pushed through a challenging experience, and avoided the potentially harmful long-term effects of pill treatment.
Try some spinach and pomegranate for iron deficiency. Sip on some peppermint tea for nausea. Buy some aloe vera (fresh from the plant) as acne treatment. Munch on some cranberries for UTIs. Ladies, heat up a towel or a hot-water bottle and place it at the small of your back or on your stomach, if you’re feeling the cramps build up. Brew your boiled water with ginger, lemon and cardamom for an endless number of ailments. Exercise to release the right energy endorphins, proceed to jump in a quick cold shower or simply sleep earlier than usual (or some combination of all of the above) for fatigue. Moderate caffeine and sugar intake if you’re feeling particularly jittery. Curl up under a blanket and drink some warm milk and honey or chamomile tea for a smoother, uninterrupted sleep. Put the laptop under the bed, leave the phone upstairs, turn off the wireless, pick up a book from the library – seek the healthy alternatives, and I assure you that you will find more than you even knew existed. Challenge yourself to resist whichever temptations you feel may be haunting you.
Every single person owes it to themselves to try. I’m not saying each of these is 100% bound to work, nor am I saying no pharmacological treatments work because of course, thousands of diseases and disorders have been prevented/cured over the years by these inventions. However, I am saying that before the advent of any pills of any sort, many people were successfully defeating obstacles, the “solutions” for which come in an over-the-counter, often overpriced bottle here today.
I’ve fallen victim to these self-harming crimes in the past but this is precisely why I now try my best not to get sucked into them if, and when I can. I figure if there’s any chance I don’t need to mess with the natural hormones and chemicals making up the complex daily processes in my body, I’d rather not. If there’s some vegetable, some fruit or even some focused thought that can help “cure” me, I pray I’ll continue to have the strength to take that over a shameful excuse for impatience and intolerance, any day. Many ask why they’d tolerate discomfort or discontentment (emotionally, mentally or physically) if they didn’t “need” to and to that I say that resilience and immunity is only strengthened by a conquered battle. Once you succeed, you can inspire others to try – the impossible, becomes possible. Helping oneself and paving the way for others to do the same? Nothing better, my friends. Nothing better.
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Tags: Discipline, Disorders., DSM, Internet, Intolerance, Psychiatry, Psychology, Self-Control., Sociology